Giya da abin sha wani nau'i ne na marufi na abinci, kuma ba dole ba ne ya ƙara wuce gona da iri kan farashin abin da ke cikin sa. Masu yin gwangwani koyaushe suna neman hanyoyin yin fakitin mai rahusa. Da zarar an yi gwangwani a cikin guda uku: jiki (daga takarda mai laushi) da kuma ƙare biyu. Yanzu yawancin gwangwani na giya da abin sha sun zama gwangwani guda biyu. Ana samar da jiki daga karfe guda ta hanyar wani tsari da aka sani da zane da gugawa bango.

Wannan hanyar ginin tana ba da damar yin amfani da ƙarfe mafi ƙarancin ƙarfe kuma gwangwani yana da matsakaicin ƙarfi kawai idan an cika shi da abin sha mai carbonated kuma an rufe shi. Spin-necking yana adana ƙarfe ta hanyar rage diamita na wuyansa. Tsakanin 1970 da 1990, giya da kwantena na abin sha sun zama 25% masu sauƙi. A cikin Amurka, inda aluminum ya fi arha, yawancin giya da gwangwani na abin sha ana yin su ne daga wannan ƙarfe. A Turai, tinplate sau da yawa yana da rahusa, kuma ana yin gwangwani da yawa da wannan. Giya na zamani da tinplate na abin sha yana da ƙarancin abun ciki na gwangwani a saman, babban aikin tin shine kayan kwalliya da lubricating (a cikin tsarin zane). Don haka ana buƙatar lacquer tare da kyawawan kaddarorin kariya, don amfani da mafi ƙarancin nauyin gashi (6-12 µm, ya dogara da nau'in ƙarfe).

Yin gwangwani yana da tattalin arziki kawai idan ana iya yin gwangwani da sauri. Za a samar da wasu gwangwani 800-1000 a cikin minti ɗaya daga layin shafi ɗaya, tare da rufaffiyar gawa da ƙarewa daban. Jikin giya da gwangwani na abin sha ana lanƙwasa bayan an yi su kuma an lalata su. Ana samun saurin aikace-aikacen ta gajeriyar fashewar feshin iska daga mashin da aka ajiye a gaban tsakiyar buɗaɗɗen ƙarshen gwangwanin kwance. Layin yana iya zama a tsaye ko a saka shi cikin gwangwani sannan a cire shi. Ana riƙe gwangwani a cikin ƙugiya kuma ana juyawa cikin sauri yayin feshi don samun mafi kyawun sutura mai yuwuwa. Danko mai rufi dole ne ya zama ƙasa kaɗan, kuma daskararru kusan 25-30%. Siffar tana da sauƙin sauƙi, amma ana warkewar ciki ta hanyar iska mai zafi, a cikin jadawalin kusan mintuna 3 a 200 ° C.

Abubuwan sha masu laushi na carbonated acidic ne. Juriya ga lalata ta irin waɗannan samfuran ana ba da su ta sutura kamar resin epoxy-amino ko tsarin resin epoxy-phenolic. Beer ba shi da ƙarancin cikawa ga gwangwani, amma ɗanɗanon sa na iya lalacewa da sauƙi ta hanyar ɗaukar ƙarfe daga gwangwani ko kuma ta hanyar abubuwan da aka samo daga lacquer, wanda kuma yana buƙatar irin waɗannan lacquer masu inganci iri ɗaya.

Yawancin waɗannan suturar an sami nasarar canza su zuwa tsarin koloidally tarwatsewar ruwa ko emulsion polymer tsarin, musamman akan mafi sauƙi don karewa, aluminium. Rubutun tushen ruwa sun rage farashin gabaɗaya kuma sun rage adadin sauran abubuwan da za a zubar da su ta bayan-ƙonawa don guje wa gurɓata. Yawancin tsarin nasara sun dogara ne akan epoxy-acrylic copolymers tare da amino ko phenolic crosslinkers.

Ana ci gaba da samun sha'awar kasuwanci a cikin electrodeposition na lacquers na ruwa a cikin giya da gwangwani abin sha. Irin wannan hanya tana guje wa buƙatar yin amfani da suttura biyu, kuma tana da yuwuwar iya ba da suturar da ba ta da lahani mai juriya ga abubuwan da ke cikin gwangwani a ƙananan ma'aunin fim ɗin busassun. A cikin rigunan feshin ruwa, ana neman abin da ke cikin kaushi ƙasa da kashi 10-15%.