A yunƙurin rage sharar filastik, marufi yana ɗaukar nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan da za a iya sake yin amfani da su cikin sauƙi ko kuma kawar da filastik gabaɗaya.
Zoben robobi a ko'ina tare da fakiti shida na giya da soda sannu a hankali suna zama abin da ya wuce yayin da ƙarin kamfanoni ke canzawa zuwa marufi mai kore.

Canje-canjen suna ɗaukar nau'i daban-daban - daga kwali zuwa zoben fakiti shida waɗanda aka yi tare da ragowar bambaro. Yayin da sauye-sauyen na iya zama mataki na dorewa, wasu ƙwararrun sun ce canjawa zuwa kayan marufi daban-daban na iya zama mafita mara kyau ko kuma bai isa ba, kuma akwai buƙatar sake yin amfani da robobi da sake yin su.

A wannan watan, Coors Light ya ce zai daina amfani da zoben fakiti shida na filastik a cikin marufi na samfuran Arewacin Amurka, tare da maye gurbinsu da masu ɗaukar kwali a ƙarshen 2025 tare da kawar da fam miliyan 1.7 na sharar filastik kowace shekara.

Shirin wanda kamfanin ya ce za a tallafa wa jarin dalar Amurka miliyan 85, shi ne na baya-bayan nan da wani babban kamfani ya yi don maye gurbin madaukai na robobi guda shida wadanda suka zama alamar cutar da muhalli.
Tun daga shekarun 1980, masana muhalli sun yi gargadin cewa robobin da aka jefar na yin taruwa a cikin matsugunan shara, magudanan ruwa da koguna, da kuma kwarara cikin tekuna. Wani bincike da aka gudanar a shekarar 2017 ya nuna cewa robobi ya gurbace dukkan manyan kwanukan teku, kuma an kiyasta kimanin tan miliyan hudu zuwa miliyan 12 na sharar robobi sun shiga muhallin ruwa a shekarar 2010 kadai.

An san zoben filastik suna kama dabbobin teku, wani lokacin suna makale a kansu yayin da suke girma, kuma galibi dabbobin kan sha su. Yayin da yanke zoben robobi ya zama wata shahararriyar hanyar hana halittu shiga tarko, hakan kuma ya haifar da matsaloli ga kamfanonin da ke kokarin sake sarrafa su, in ji Patrick Krieger, mataimakin shugaban masu dorewa na kungiyar masana'antar filastik.
"Lokacin da kake karama, sun koya maka kafin ka zubar da zoben fakiti shida da ya kamata ka yanke shi kananan guda domin idan wani mummunan abu ya faru kada ya kama agwagi ko kunkuru a ciki," Mr. Krieger ya ce.

"Amma a zahiri yana sanya shi ƙarami wanda ke da wahalar warwarewa," in ji shi.

Mista Krieger ya ce kamfanoni sun dau shekaru sun gwammace marufi na robobi saboda yana da arha kuma mara nauyi.

"Ya ajiye duk waɗancan gwangwani na aluminium tare cikin kyakkyawan tsari, tsafta da tsafta," in ji shi. "Yanzu mun fahimci cewa za mu iya yin aiki mafi kyau a matsayin masana'antu kuma abokan ciniki suna son yin amfani da nau'ikan samfura daban-daban."
Masu fafutuka sun kalubalanci kayan don illar da zai iya haifar da namun daji da damuwa game da gurbatar yanayi. A cikin 1994, gwamnatin Amurka ta ba da umarnin cewa zoben fakitin filastik dole ne su zama masu lalacewa. Amma filastik ya ci gaba da girma a matsayin matsalar muhalli. Tare da sama da tan biliyan takwas na robobi da aka samar tun daga shekarun 1950, kashi 79 cikin 100 sun taru a wuraren zubar da kasa, a cewar binciken na 2017.

A cikin sanarwar ta, Coors Light ya ce zai yi amfani da kayan da ke da ɗorewa kashi 100, ma'ana ba shi da filastik, cikakken sake yin amfani da shi kuma ana iya sake amfani da shi.

"Duniya na bukatar taimakonmu," in ji kamfanin a cikin wata sanarwa. “Filastik da ake amfani da shi guda ɗaya yana gurbata muhalli. Albarkatun ruwa suna da iyaka, kuma yanayin zafi na duniya yana ƙaruwa fiye da kowane lokaci. Muna jin sanyi game da abubuwa da yawa, amma wannan ba ɗayansu ba ne. "

Sauran alamun kuma suna yin canje-canje. A shekarar da ta gabata, Corona ta gabatar da marufi da aka yi da rarar bambaro na sha'ir da kuma filayen itace da aka sake yin fa'ida. A cikin Janairu, Grupo Modelo ya ba da sanarwar saka hannun jari na dala miliyan 4 don maye gurbin marufi mai wuyar sake yin fa'ida tare da kayan fiber, in ji AB InBev, wanda ke kula da samfuran giya biyu.

Kamfanin Coca-Cola ya samar da kwalaben samfuri guda 900 da aka yi kusan gaba daya da filastik na shuka, ban da hula da tambarin, kuma PepsiCo ya himmatu wajen kera kwalaben Pepsi da robobin da aka sake sarrafa kashi 100 cikin 100 a kasuwannin Turai tara a karshen shekara.

Ta hanyar farawa a cikin zaɓaɓɓun kasuwanni, kamfanoni na iya "ɗaukar hanyar gida don gano hanyoyin da za su iya daidaitawa," in ji Ezgi Barcenas, babban jami'in ɗorewa na AB InBev.

Amma "wasu shakku mai lafiya" yana cikin tsari, Roland Geyer, farfesa a fannin ilimin halittu a Jami'ar California, Santa Barbara, ya ce.
"Ina tsammanin akwai babban bambanci tsakanin kamfanoni kawai suna sarrafa sunansu da kuma son a gan su suna yin wani abu, da kuma kamfanoni suna yin wani abu mai ma'ana sosai," in ji Farfesa Geyer. "Wani lokaci yana da matukar wahala a raba waɗannan biyun."

Elizabeth Sturcken, manajan darakta na Asusun Kare Muhalli, ta ce sanarwar Coors Light da sauran wadanda ke magance yawan amfani da filastik "babban mataki ne a kan hanyar da ta dace," amma dole ne kamfanoni su canza salon kasuwancin su don magance wasu matsalolin muhalli kamar su. fitar da hayaki.

Ms. Sturcken ta ce "Lokacin da ake batun magance matsalar sauyin yanayi, gaskiyar magana ita ce sauye-sauye irin wannan bai isa ba." "Maganin micro ba tare da yin magana da macro ba ya zama abin karɓa."

Alexis Jackson, wani manufofin teku da robobi don kula da yanayin, ya ce "ana bukatar "manufa mai kishi da cikakkiyar manufa" don samar da makoma mai dorewa.

"Alƙawari na son rai da na ɗan lokaci ba su isa su motsa allura a kan abin da zai iya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙalubalen muhalli na zamaninmu," in ji ta.

Idan aka zo batun robobi, wasu masana sun ce sauya sheka zuwa wani abu na daban ba zai hana matsugunin da ke cika ba.
"Idan ka canza daga zoben filastik zuwa zoben takarda, ko zuwa wani abu dabam, wannan abu zai kasance yana da kyakkyawar damar ƙarewa a cikin muhalli ko kuma a ƙone shi," Joshua Baca, mataimakin shugaban sashin robobi a Amurka. Cibiyar Kimiyya ta ce.

Ya ce ana tilastawa kamfanoni su canza salon kasuwancinsu. Wasu suna ƙara adadin abubuwan da aka sake fa'ida da ake amfani da su a cikin marufi.

Coca-Cola na shirin yin sake yin amfani da marufi a duk duniya nan da shekarar 2025, bisa ga Rahoton Kasuwanci & Muhalli, Zamantakewa da Mulki, wanda aka buga a bara. PepsiCo kuma yana shirin ƙirƙira marufi da za'a iya sake yin amfani da su, takin zamani ko marufi nan da shekarar 2025, in ji rahoton aikin dorewa.

Wasu masana'antun sana'ar sana'a - kamar Kamfanin Deep Ellum Brewing a Texas da Greenpoint Beer & Ale Co. a New York - suna amfani da hannayen filastik masu ɗorewa, wanda zai iya zama sauƙin sake sarrafa su duk da cewa an yi su da filastik fiye da zoben.

Mista Baca ya ce hakan na iya zama alfanu idan ya fi sauki a gyara robobin maimakon a jefar da shi.

Don sauye-sauye zuwa nau'ikan marufi masu ɗorewa don kawo canji da gaske, tattarawa da rarrabuwa na buƙatar zama cikin sauƙi, sabunta wuraren sake yin amfani da su, kuma dole ne a samar da ƙarancin sabbin filastik, in ji Mista Krieger.

Dangane da suka daga kungiyoyi masu adawa da robobi, ya ce: "Ba za mu iya sake yin amfani da hanyarmu ba daga matsalar wuce gona da iri."